How do you identify fibers using the burning test?

 

1. Sample Preparation: Prepare a fibre sample by taking a small section of fibre for testing. Ensure that the sample is sufficiently dry, clean, and free of any coatings or treatments.

 

2. Safety measures: It is important to observe safety measures when performing combustion testing to ensure that it is carried out in a well-ventilated environment to avoid fire or accidents. It is best to conduct the test on a fire-resistant surface or combustion test equipment. 3.

 

3. Ignition test: Using a flame source, place the fibre on the ignition point and observe the behaviour of the fibre as it burns. Observe the following characteristics:

 

- Burning speed: note whether the fibre burns quickly or slowly.

 

- Flame colour: Observe the colour of the flame when the fibre burns. The colour of the flame may vary from one fibre material to another as it burns.

 

- Flame characteristics: Observe the shape and nature of the flame, e.g. whether sparks are ejected, whether there is smoke, etc.

 

- Ash after burning: Observe the ash left behind after the fibre burns. The colour and shape of the burnt ash may also vary from one fibre material to another.

 

4. Comparison and identification: Compare the observed characteristics with the burning behaviour of known fibre materials to determine the type of fibre. Reference can be made to fibre manuals, fibre identification charts or other reference materials to aid identification.

 

It is important to note that combustion characteristics alone are not an absolutely accurate method of determining the type of fibre. Sometimes fibres may be treated or contain other materials which may alter their burning characteristics. Therefore, combustion testing should be used as a preliminary method and not as the sole means of identification.

 

In addition, when performing any combustion testing, be sure to follow laboratory safety guidelines and conduct it in a combustion test facility or appropriate test environment. If you are unsure how to perform a combustion test or are unable to ensure safety, seek professional assistance.