What are the main differences between tensile strength and tearing strength test

 

 

Tensile strength test is carried out by applying a tensile load to measure the maximum tensile force it is subjected to. The test equipment is a tensile testing machine, which is capable of accurately controlling the test speed and the tensile load during the test. During the test, the sample is usually required to be tested in the machine direction and in the transverse direction. The damage condition and ultimate load of the textile under tension can be evaluated. Tensile strength testing can be used to assess the strength of various types of fabrics, including knitted fabrics, woven fabrics and nonwovens.

 

Tear strength testing, on the other hand, involves tearing a sample in one direction to measure the force applied and the length of the split. Tear strength testing is usually performed using a tearing machine, which clamps one end of the sample and gradually expands the other until the sample tears. Unlike a tensile strength test, which is performed at a constant speed, a tearing machine also requires a gradual increase in the applied force to approach the ultimate strength of the sample while performing the test. Typically, the tear strength of a fabric depends on factors such as the displacement of the yarn, the consolidation density of the fabric, the strength of the yarn and the twisting of the yarn.

 

 

Another major difference between tensile strength testing and tear strength testing is the direction of testing. In tensile strength testing, the sample is subjected to a force perpendicular to the direction of the fabric yarns, which is usually required to be tested along the direction of the machine and in the transverse direction. In a tear strength test, the sample is tested in the machine direction and in the transverse direction of the fabric. This is because the machine direction and the transverse direction are usually the strongest directions in the fabric. In practice, the direction in which the test is conducted needs to be determined by considering the required strength of the fabric and the conditions of use.

 

 

Tensile and tear strength tests are applicable to different textiles, which is another important difference between them. Tensile strength testing is mainly used to measure the damage condition and ultimate load of textiles under tension, and it is suitable for applications that need to withstand tensile force, such as garments and canvas. However, since the toughness of some materials is lower than their tensile strength, the tensile strength test may overemphasize the tensile strength at the expense of the material's toughness in practical applications.

 

Tear strength testing is primarily used to measure the damage and toughness of textiles. This test is more indicative of the abrasion resistance and tear strength of a textile, and it is suitable for applications that need to withstand tearing forces, such as tents and casual wear. In some special environments, this test method may be a more accurate predictor of the material's performance because in actual use, textiles may be subjected to multiple types of forces.

 

Summary:

Tensile strength testing and tear strength testing are two different methods of testing the mechanical properties of materials. Tensile strength testing evaluates the resistance and ductility of a material under tensile stress, while tear strength testing evaluates the resistance of a material under tear stress. They differ in their testing principles, force application methods, test parameters and results, and application areas. The selection of the appropriate test method depends on the material properties and application area of interest.