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Main methods and tests for measuring fabric abrasion
2019/08/02
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The abrasion resistance of fabricis usually carried out by abrading the fabric under specified conditions against a standard abrading. Although plane abrasion of fabric surface does not cover all aspects of strains that are important in determining service life, there are occasions when such a test gives useful information.
There are three main methods, that is, end point method, mass loss method, and appearance change method.
End point method: when two yarns of different directions of woven fabric are broken, when one yarn of knitted fabric is broken, when a hole that is not less than 0.5mm appears in the nonwovens, and when the whole velvet of the pile fabric is worn off, record the friction times as the abrasion resistance index.
Mass loss method: The sample was weighed as mass A before the test and as mass B after a certain number of friction times so that take the mass loss or percentage of mass loss as an index of abrasion resistance.
Appearance change method: after a certain number of friction times, observe the appearance changes, such as color change, pilling phenomenon, wear degree, the degree of appearance change as the index of abrasion resistance.
Two kinds of Tests are used to Measure fabric Abrasion
One test is the ASTM D4157-02 Oscillatory Cylinder (Wyzenbeek) test. The ASTM D4157-02 is a test of the American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM). A Wyzenbeek machine is used for this test allowing samples of the test fabric to be pulled tight in a frame and held stationary. Individual test specimens cut from the warp and weft direction are then rubbed back and forth using an ACT approved #10 cotton duck fabric as the abradant. The number of double rub cycles achieved before two yarn breaks occur or noticeable wear is observed is recorded as the fabric’s abrasion rating. The wire screen abradant is recommended by ACT for use with vinyl and polyurethane coated upholstery and may also be used for testing 100% olefin fabrics.
The ASTM D4966-98 is a test method of the American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM). This is an oscillating test. Fabric samples are mounted flat and rubbed in a figure eight like motion using a piece of worsted wool cloth as the abradant. The number of cycles that the fabric can endure before fabric shows objectionable change in appearance (yarn breaks, pilling, holes) is counted. Number of cycles determines abrasion rating.
Standard groups studies indicate that results of multiple abrasion tests performed on some woven fabric structures may vary significantly .
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